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Continental DriftThe idea first put forward by Abraham Ortelius in 1596 and also by Francis Bacon in 1620 mostly due to the apparent similarities in the outlines of the continents. This was the period when maps were surfacing and gave a clearer view of continents.Alfred Wegener further developed it in 1912. Stated the continents are moving away from poles due to the bulge towards the equator. Though these forces exist, they are too weak to push the continental plates.Wagner suggested that continents once were together and then they started moving apart.Supercontinent was called Pangaea which meant entire Earth during the Permian period around 240 million years ago.Tharp-Hezeen MapIn 1977, Marie Tharp and Bruce Hazeen along with artist Heinrich Berann produced the first World Ocean Floor Panorama.Tharp worked out of Lamont Geological Observatory at Columbia University.Started using sonar pings to gather data from ocean floor since 1952 to map the ocean floor.Discovered the rift valley down the centre of Atlant