Foamcast - Emergency Medicine Core Content

In this episode, we review a new clinical policy from the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) on the use of risk stratification tools and D-dimer to exclude non-traumatic thoracic aortic dissection. Shownotes: FOAMcast.org

Historically, RhD immunoglobulin was recommended in Rh-negative patients presenting after spontaneous or induced abortion. However, guideline recommendations around the world have largely changed, and now recommend forgoing prophylaxis in most of these cases. We review the evidence and guidelines. Show notes and references: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Lauren Westafer

This episode discusses asthma guidelines and a systemic review and network meta-analysis on the use of inhaled corticosteroids for asthma. Show notes and references: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Lauren Westafer

In this episode, we discuss treatment of acute ischemic priapism, including some updates from the American Urological Association.    Show notes and references: FOAMcast.org

In this episode, we review a consensus guideline from the American College of Emergency Physicians on the use of topical anesthetics in corneal abrasions.  Show notes and references: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Jeremy Faust and Lauren WEstafer

This episode covers emergency medicine-related recommendations from the American Heart Association's (AHA) clinical guideline on atrial fibrillation: 2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation Circulation. 2023 Show notes and references: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Lauren Westafer

The AABB recently published updated recommendations for blood transfusion thresholds. This podcast reviews these recommendations and a recent study, the MINT trial, in which patients with anemia and a myocardial infarction were randomized to a restrictive strategy or liberal transfusion strategy. Show notes / references: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Lauren Westafer

This epsiode reviews the new clinical policy from the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) on medication for acutely agitated patients needing parenteral sedation. Show notes / references: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Lauren Westafer

In this episode, we review Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA), notably dissecting the recent Jansen et al trial in JAMA. Shownotes / References:  FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Jeremy Faust & Lauren Westafer

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is commonly encountered in the ED and visits related to alcohol are estimated to be ~4% of all ED visits in the US. Despite this, most EDs offer little support and harm reduction for patients with AUD. In this podcast, we review naltrexone, the first-line medication for patients with AUD, which is starting to be initiated in US EDs by emergency clinicians.  AAEM position paper References and show notes: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Lauren Westafer

Recommendations for the use of steroids in community-acquired pneumonia have been mixed. This episode reviews a large multicenter randomized trial in the New England Journal of Medicine by Dequin et al on hydrocortisone for severe community-acquired pneumonia.  References/show notes: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Lauren Westafer

In this episode we review the CLOVERS trial, a randomized trial of early (first 24 hours) restrictive versus liberal fluids.  Show notes/references: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Jeremy Faust + Lauren Westafer

This episode reviews guideline recommendations and literature on the management of acute, uncomplicated diverticulitis - highlighting the recommendations to only prescribe antibiotics to select patients. References/Show Notes: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Lauren WEstafer

This episode reviews a shift from the "lethal triad" in trauma to the "diamond of death," exploring the role of calcium in hemostasis and critically ill patients. We review the literature that is available on hypocalcemia and trauma patients References/show notes: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Lauren Westafer

This episode is a departure from the typical FOAMcast clinical content, we will be back with strictly clinical content soon. In May 2022, I came across a fellow passenger and stranger in cardiac arrest in the airport. A small team of strangers, including an emergency medicine resident, Dr. Jason Tanner, and an emergency department technician, Angel, assembled to treat this passenger. Billy Frolick, a writer and our patient that day, shares his perspective on his case with us.  In addition, we highlight important clinical pearls, notably the importance of continuous chest compressions and early defibrillation. For more on not doing pulse checks, see this podcast: https://foamcast.org/2022/09/04/pulse-checks-during-cardiopulmonary-resuscitation/ .  

This episode covers the 2022 American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) clinical policy on acute heart failure syndromes with a special focus on high dose nitrates References and Show Notes: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Lauren Westafer

In this episode, we review the largest trial of double sequential external defibrillation (DSED) and vector change (VC) defibrillation for refractory ventricular fibrillation (VFib): Cheskes S, Verbeek PR, Drennan IR, et al. Defibrillation Strategies for Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2022;387(21):1947-1956. Show notes, references, & infographics: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Jeremy Faust & Lauren Westafer

The American College of Cardiology released a new consensus statement endorsing several signs on the electrocardiogram (ECG) as "STEMI Equivalents." In this podcast, we review these signs. Show notes / graphics / references: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Lauren Westafer

Since 2010, the American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) have de-emphasized pulse checks - such that they recommend against routine pulse checks. Despite this recommendation, may individuals and institutions continue to perform pulse checks. This episode reviews the recommendations and the literature. References/show notes: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Lauren Westafer

There is a global outbreak of human monkeypox virus cases. In this episode we provide a quick summary of monkeypox to date. Check out our two more in-depth episodes on the topic.  References/Show notes: FOAMcast.org Thanks for listening! Jeremy Faust & Lauren Westafer